Written by: imToken By the end of 2025, the Ethereum community relatively peacefully welcomed the conclusion of the Fusaka upgrade. Looking back over the past year, although discussions about underlying technology upgrades have gradually faded from the market spotlight, many on-chain users have likely already felt a significant change: Ethereum L2 is becoming increasingly cheaper. Currently, on-chain interactions, whether transfers or complex DeFi operations, often only cost a few cents in Gas fees or can be almost ignored. Behind this, the Dencun upgrade and Blob mechanism have certainly played a crucial role. At the same time, with the core feature PeerDAS (Peer Data Availability) of the Fusaka upgrade,

In the past week, after the Fusaka upgrade, I personally am bearish on third-party DA, observed changes in Aave, broke up with Sky, formed a new partnership with Maple, the Perps trend continues, and HyENA. 1. One of the significant data changes after the Fusaka upgrade is the obvious increase in blob base fee. The detailed analysis post is here 👉 It’s particularly worth mentioning the competitive landscape with third-party DA. $ETH 1( Firstly, in terms of price competition Compared to third-party DA, especially solutions like Celestia, Ethereum's native blob is definitely more expensive, which is determined by the underlying blockchain consensus and economic security. The core issue here is the trade-off between security and cost. So the future ecosystem landscape will be: professional L2s, enterprise-level L2s, or projects with relatively strong financial backing and sufficient budgets will choose blobs. For small teams and proj

Written by: Oliver, Mars Finance Data can sometimes be misleading, especially when the base number is extremely small. But the trends behind the data never lie. On December 4, within 24 hours after the Ethereum Fusaka upgrade officially went live, a signal appeared on-chain that was enough to panic outsiders and provoke deep thought among insiders: the Blob Base Fee soared from the original 1 wei straight up to around 15 million wei, with the peak once approaching 20 million wei. A surge of 15 million times. In traditional financial markets, such a dramatic increase in costs would typically signal hyperinflation or system collapse. But in the crypto world, this is a belated return to value, or even a correction of past distortions. If the previous Dencun upgrade was Ethereum’s attempt to retain

Two dormant Bitcoin wallets transfer 2,000 BTC to a new wallet after 13 years of inactivity According to monitoring by Onchain Lens, after more than 13 years of dormancy, two Bitcoin OG wallets have transferred 2,000 BTC worth $178.29 million to a new wallet. These Bitcoins were minted as Casascius physical Bitcoins by Mike Caldwell between 2011 and 2013. Cloudflare: Today’s outage was not caused by a cyberattack, total impact lasted about 25 minutes On December 5, Cloudflare released a summary of the outage, stating that the December 5 outage caused about 25 minutes of impact in total. This outage was not caused by a cyberattack. CoinShares: The DAT bubble has basically

The focus of Ethereum's Fusaka upgrade is on engineering optimization, aiming to improve network efficiency and activity through measures such as reducing L2 costs, normalizing blob fees, increasing the gas limit, and lowering the threshold for decentralized validators. This series of improvements is designed to create favorable conditions for high-frequency application activation, enhance institutional participation, promote parallel development of L1 and L2, and restore Ethereum's deflationary expectations, signifying Ethereum's maturity and stability.

In brief The network has activated Fusaka, delivering new data-sampling and blob-scaling features to mainnet. Ethereum traded higher immediately after, with a steady increase in volume hours after the upgrade. Developers and analysts say the upgrade strengthens Ethereum's settlement layer and r

Author | Tanay Ved, Coin Metrics Translation | GaryMa Wu Says Blockchain Original link: Key Takeaways Fusaka expands Ethereum’s scalability through increased blob capacity and a more efficient data availability system (PeerDAS). A higher 60 million gas limit and execution layer optimizations significantly boost L1 throughput. Improved fee mechanisms and UX upgrades lay the foundation for a more unified and cost-effective L1–L2 ecosystem. Fusaka Overview Ethereum will undergo the “Fusaka” hard fork on December 3, 2025, at 21:49 UTC (slot 13,164,544). Fusaka combines the Osaka execution layer upgrade with the consensus layer upgrade

In brief Ethereum's Fusaka upgrade is expected to be implemented on Wednesday. The upgrade implements key features like PeerDAS, which changes how the network collects and verifies data from layer-2 networks. The upgrade will increase blob capacity, improving speed and scalability in the Ethere

Messari researcher AJC pointed out that the lighter TVL is mainly due to USDC, which has limited monetary impact on ETH. The daily on-chain cost is low, and although it provides L1 security guarantees, the actual activities do not significantly benefit ETH. The Abstract team believes that the Blob fees need to be adjusted, while AJC suggests that Ethereum should charge more fees for L2, otherwise it may lose to other DA providers.

Deng Tong, Golden Finance On November 6, 2025, the Ethereum Foundation announced the Fusaka upgrade. The Fusaka network upgrade is scheduled to activate on December 3, 2025, at 21:49:11 UTC, representing an important step forward in Ethereum's scalability roadmap. The core of Fusaka is to add PeerDAS for scalable blob data availability, introduce branches containing only the Blob parameter (BPO) to allow for flexible capacity increases, stabilize the base fees of blobs, and implement new security constraints to maintain decentralization while increasing throughput. In short, Fusaka is an infrastructure adjustment for Ethereum, which includes about a dozen.

Article by: Jason Nelson Translated by: Luffy, Foresight News Summary Ethereum will undergo the Fusaka upgrade in December 2025, which will bring data scaling, DoS defense, and development tools. Peer Data Availability Sampling (PeerDAS) increases blob throughput by 8 times by "sampling data instead of storing full data on full nodes." New EIPs will set blob fees, limit block size, and add features such as pre-commitment and P-256 signature support. The next major upgrade of the Ethereum network is imminent. This upgrade is called

Ethereum launches Fusaka on December 3: PeerDAS on mainnet, growth of blob throughput, gas limit 60M, secp256r1 precompile, and CLZ. Learn our comprehensive breakdown on

Ethereum Foundation researchers officially confirmed the implementation date of the next-gen Mainnet major upgrade "Fusaka" as December 3 during Thursday's "All Core Developers" meeting. This backward compatible Hard Fork will implement about a dozen Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) aimed at enhancing the sustainability, security, and scalability of the underlying chain and its Layer 2 ecosystem. Among the most notable is the introduction of Peer Data Availability Sampling (PeerDAS), as well as increasing the block Gas limit from 30 million to 150 million units, which is expected to rapidly double Blob capacity.

The Ethereum Foundation has confirmed that the date for the next major Mainnet upgrade (codenamed Fusaka) will be December 3. The Fusaka Hard Fork will implement about a dozen Ethereum Improvement Proposals, realize Peer Data Availability Sampling (PeerDAS) technology, and raise the Ethereum block gas limit from 30 million units to 150 million units, with the blob capacity expected to double rapidly.

In brief Ethereum developers have officially scheduled the Fusaka upgrade for December 3, following a successful final testnet this week. The update introduces PeerDAS, a new data-sampling method expected to make layer-2 transactions dramatically faster and cheaper by expanding blob space in

The important Fusaka upgrade of Ethereum was successfully activated on the final Testnet Hoodi on October 28, marking the countdown phase for the Mainnet deployment. According to the developers' plan, the Fusaka upgrade will be rolled out in three phases, with the core protocol changes tentatively scheduled to start on December 3, aiming to significantly optimize the transaction cost and data throughput of the Layer-2 (L2) network by increasing Blob capacity in stages. Despite significant progress in network development, the price of Ethereum (ETH) fell below the $4,000 mark after the announcement due to macroeconomic uncertainties, and market sentiment remains cautious.

VanEck highlights Ethereum's upcoming Fusaka upgrade in December 2025, introducing PeerDAS to enhance L2 scalability and data availability, potentially reducing costs and reinforcing ETH's value as a monetary asset.

Ethereum will launch the Fusaka Hard Fork in December 2025, strengthening scalability and security through 12 improvement proposals aimed at addressing transaction congestion and high fees. The upgrade will introduce measures such as PeerDAS to drop the storage burden on validators, a BPO mechanism for rapid adjustment of Blob capacity, and EIP-7918 to stabilize the Blob fee market. These improvements will support Ethereum's large-scale application in the digital economy in the future.

The Ethereum Fusaka upgrade is tentatively scheduled for mainnet launch on December 3, 2025, following testnet activations starting October 1. This update aims to enhance scalability with features like Peer Data Availability Sampling, doubled blob capacity, increased block gas limit to 150 million, Verkle Trees for optimized storage, and EVM improvements.

Ethereum core developers announced plans to launch the highly anticipated Fusaka upgrade on the Mainnet on December 3rd. This significant update will greatly enhance network scalability while maintaining Decentralization and security, bringing new technological breakthroughs and application possibilities to the Ethereum ecosystem.

Ethereum developers announced the Fusaka upgrade schedule during the ACDC 165 meeting. The upgrade will occur on Holesky (Oct 1), Sepolia (Oct 14), Hoodi (Oct 28), and the mainnet (Dec 3), with blob capacity increasing in two phases.

BTC Data: Over 32% of Bitcoin is produced by listed mining companies. The latest production data for the second quarter shows that listed and soon-to-be-listed mining companies are consolidating their share of Bitcoin output. The total market share of these 18 companies has increased from 21.1% in the same period last year to 32.5% in the second quarter. However, this growth is not uniform. The rise in total market share is not comprehensive, but is mainly driven by MARA, Cango, IRE, and CleanSpark, which have significantly increased their hashing power, offsetting the losses from miners who have turned to HPC or experienced stagnation in growth. This week, the net outflow of Bitcoin spot ETFs in the United States was $1.178 billion. According to monitoring by Farside Investors, this week the net outflow of Bitcoin spot ETFs in the United States was $1.178 billion, of which: BlackRock IBIT: - 6.15

> This article provides an objective comparison of Walrus and Irys from a technical perspective across 6 dimensions. Written by: Ponyo Compiled by: Sui Network Summary of key points 🔧 Architecture: Irys is a fully-featured integrated Layer 1 "data chain" that provides native blob (data block) access for contracts, but requires a brand new set of validation nodes. Walrus is an erasure-coded storage layer built on Sui, which is easier to integrate but requires cross-layer coordination. 💰 Economic Model: Irys adopts a single token IRYS to unify payment fees and rewards, providing a simple user experience, but with higher price volatility risks. Walrus divides its functions into two tokens: WAL (for storage) and SUI (for

Written by: Tanay Ved, Coin Metrics Compiled by: Shan Oppa, Golden Finance Key Points: The Pectra upgrade of Ethereum officially launched on May 7, which includes increasing the maximum effective balance of validators from 32 ETH to 2048 ETH (EIP-7251), and doubling the blob space to support Layer-2 scaling (EIP-7691). Currently, more than 11,000 validators have completed the merge, reducing the number of active validators by about 16,000, while keeping the total staked ETH amount unchanged, resulting in an average stake of approximately 32.4 ETH per validator. The number of blobs published to Ethereum increased from about 21,000 to about

Author: Tanay Ved Source: Coin Metrics Translation: Shan Ouba, Jinse Finance Key points: The Ethereum Pectra upgrade officially launched on May 7, which includes increasing the maximum effective balance of validators from 32 ETH to 2048 ETH (EIP-7251) and doubling the blob space to support Layer-2 scalability (EIP-7691). More than 11,000 validators have completed the merge, reducing the number of active validators by about 16,000, while maintaining the overall staked ETH amount, resulting in an average staking amount of approximately 32.4 ETH per validator. The number of blobs published to Ethereum increased from approximately 21,000 to about

> Pectra itself is not the "turning point for modular data availability (DA)"; it is the last key piece that enables L2 to attract mainstream users while Ethereum maintains its settlement dominance. Written by: OKX Key point Pectra (Prague + Electra) is the largest hard fork bundled upgrade since The Merge, containing 11 Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIP), aimed at synchronously reducing data costs, simplifying smart account operations, and optimizing validator operations. EIP-7691 doubles the Blob target capacity to 6 and raises the hard cap to 9. This reduces the Gas fees for L1 data availability (DA) to below approximately 1 Gwei, and the exchange fees on major L2s have also been short.

Author: OKX Ventures Key points • Pectra (Prague + Electra) is the largest hard fork bundled upgrade since The Merge, containing 11 Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), aimed at synchronously reducing data costs, simplifying smart account operations, and optimizing validator operations. • EIP-7691 doubles the Blob target capacity to 6 and raises the hard limit to 9. This reduces the Gas fees for L1 data availability (DA) to about 1 Gwei or below, while the exchange fees on major L2s briefly dropped to about 0.02 dollars or below. • Now, each externally owned account (EOA) can be converted into a smart account through a single transaction (EIP-7702), thus achieving this without the need for contract migration.

Techub News reports that Tim Beiko summarized the 212th Ethereum Execution Layer Core Developers Meeting (ACDE): Fusaka Devnet-0 will launch on May 26, discussions on the Fusaka EIP scope (EIP-7825 will set the transaction Gas limit to 30 M; EIP-7918 will stabilize the Blob fee market by anchoring Blob fees to the base execution Gas fee; these two proposals will definitely be included in Devnet-1), Testnet strategy (the team will fork Sepolia, retaining Hoodi for application testing; and encourages the community to maintain a long-term testing net).

> Rollup has not yet fully utilized the data availability improvements brought by the Pectra upgrade to Ethereum. Written by: Zack Pokorny, Galaxy Research Analyst Compiled by: AIMan@Golden Finance Preface On May 7, 2025, the Ethereum Pectra upgrade will go live on the mainnet. Among the implemented Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), EIP-7691 increases the target for each block.

1.Galaxy: The Current Status of Ethereum Blobs and the Blob Market in the Post-Pectra Era On May 7, 2025, the Ethereum Pectra upgrade will go live on the mainnet. Among the implemented Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), EIP-7691 increases the target number of Blobs per block and the maximum number of Blobs. In last year's Dencun upgrade, EIP-4844 (formerly Danksharding) introduced Blobs, providing dedicated data publishing space for Rollups. Since the launch of Dencun, the Ethereum network has maintained a target of 3 Blobs per block and a maximum number of Blobs; calculating with a data size of 128kb per Blob, this means a daily data capacity of approximately 5.5GB is transmitted through Blobs. After the Pectra upgrade, the target number of Blobs per block will be...

Galaxy: The Current Status of Ethereum Blobs and the Blob Market in the Post-Pectra Era Author: Zack Pokorny, Galaxy Research Analyst; Compiled by: AIMan@Golden Finance Foreword On May 7, 2025, the Ethereum Pectra upgrade was launched on the mainnet. In the implemented Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP), EIP-7691 increases the number of target blobs and the maximum number of blobs per block. In last year's Dencun upgrade, EIP-4844 (formerly Danksharding) introduced blobs to provide a dedicated data publishing space for rollups. Since the launch of Dencun, the Ethereum network has maintained a target number of 3 blobs per block and a maximum number of blobs; to each Blob

Ethereum's blob utilization has been continuously increasing after the Dencun upgrade, considering that the new goal after the Pectra upgrade is six blobs per block. Under peak load, Blob fees may exceed call data fees. The involved L2 protocols include Base, Taiko, World Chain, and Arbitrum. While Rollup can improve the Ethereum ecosystem, the market is ready to absorb all blobs. Danksharding will provide more capacity improvements, but efforts are still needed to achieve the throughput required to support a new global financial system.

Coinbase will pause Ethereum transactions during the upcoming Pectra upgrade on May 7, 2025, ensuring user fund safety. The upgrade aims to enhance Ethereum accounts, improve validator performance, and support L2 scaling. The EIPs within Pectra will optimize the validator experience and increase Ethereum's blob throughput.

The Ethereum Foundation announces a new management structure emphasizing operational and strategic responsibilities. Key appointments include Hsiao-Wei Wang and Tomasz K. Stańczak as co-executive directors. The revamped team will focus on scaling the Ethereum mainnet, developing ‘blob’ structures, and enhancing user experience over the next 12 months. Vitalik Buterin, Aya Miyaguchi, Patrick Storchenegger, and others will play crucial roles within the foundation's governance.

Ethereum's next major upgrade "Pectra" is officially scheduled to launch on the Mainnet on May 7, 2025. It will introduce three core updates: account abstraction (EIP-7702), optimized validator experience (such as increasing the staking limit to 2048 ETH), and L2 scaling (Blob throughput doubling), injecting new momentum into the Ethereum ecosystem. (Background: Ethereum Pectra upgrade confirmed to be delayed! The third Testnet Hooli will go live, with the Mainnet upgrade as early as the end of April.) The most anticipated upgrade of Ethereum this year, "Pectra," finally has a set date, expected to be on May 7, 2025.

Author: Michael Nadeau, The DeFi Report; Translated by: Tao Zhu, Golden Finance A few weeks ago, Standard Chartered Bank released a report that lowered the year-end price target for ETH from $10,000 to $4,000, making headlines. The report indicated that the L2 roadmap is a major catalyst for Ethereum's troubles and claimed that L2 is "stealing Ethereum's GDP." The conclusion is that the future value of Ethereum needs to be adjusted accordingly. We will conduct our own analysis on this topic and share our findings with you. But before that, we think it is wise to analyze the economic trends of Ethereum from scratch. This will lay the foundation for future analysis and clarify the necessity of Ethereum's development and expansion of the "blob" (i.e., Ethereum's data availability network). This is the focus of this week. As the situation develops, we will

Gate Research Institute Daily: On April 2, the price of Bitcoin rose by 2.14% to 84,672 USDT, and the price of Ethereum rose by 2.90% to 1,883 USDT. The weekly Blob fees for Ethereum hit a new low since the Dencun upgrade. Long-term holders who got on board from 2020 to 2022 are still firmly holding Bitcoin. Sonic TVL surpassed 1 billion USD. BlackRock received regulatory approval in the UK to become a cryptocurrency asset company. The Trump administration plans to promote "Bitcoin Bonds" to expand Bitcoin reserves.

Differentiation must come from other aspects: unique features and experiences. This article is from the Cem | Sovereign article, organized and translated by Deep Tide TechFlow. (Background: Liquidity ebbs, where does the revenue of encryption projects come from? Is it the repurchase token?) (Background Supplement: Jump returns to the encryption market business, entangled in "black history" and falls into an awkward situation.) Recently, the main discussions on encryption Twitter have focused on improving the efficiency of the general environment. Base is achieving the 'Gigagas' goal by leveraging the Reth and Ethereum blob upgrades. Solana is continuously approaching the goal of reaching 1 million through the amazing optimization of Firedancer and its C-language-based network stack.

L1 income and value accumulation, L2, blob cost, the risk of large companies taking over Ethereum, Pectra upgrade......

The Pectra upgrade aims to improve three key areas: the user experience of ETH accounts, validators, and blob processing power.

The upgrade of Pectra aims to improve the user experience of Ethereum account, validators, and the processing capability of Blob in three key areas.

The Pectra update will be launched on the Holesky testnet, introducing enhanced features for developers to test ahead of the Ethereum mainnet release. Key improvements include layer-2 scaling support, gas payment sponsorships, increased blob capacity, and validator balance limits. This upgrade signifies a crucial step towards account abstraction and faster implementation of protocol enhancements within the Ethereum ecosystem.

Author: Tanay Ved Source: Coin Metrics Translation: Shanooba, Golden Finance Key points Pectra, Ethereum's next major upgrade, introduces changes to the execution layer (Prague) and consensus layer (Electra). It is expected to go live on the testnet in February and March, and the mainnet activation is expected to take place in April. The upgrade introduces key improvements to staking, Layer-2 scalability, and user experience (UX), laying the groundwork for future changes. Key changes include higher validator staking limits, flexible staking withdrawals, enhanced account abstractions, and increased Blob throughput, all contributing to improved network efficiency and security. Introduction In "merge" (The

Original Title: Pectra: Ethereum’s Next Major Upgrade Original Source: substack Compiled by: Mars Finance, Daisy Key points: Pectra is the next major upgrade of Ethereum, involving changes to the execution layer (Prague) and the consensus layer (Electra). It is expected to go live on the testnet from February to March, and is planned to be activated on the mainnet in April. This upgrade brings optimization of the staking mechanism, improvement of Layer-2 scalability and user experience (UX), laying the foundation for future upgrades. Major changes include increasing the validator's stake limit, more flexible staking withdrawals, enhanced account abstraction, and higher blob throughput, which help improve network efficiency and security. Introduction In "The

The London hard fork introduces ETH burn mechanism, aiming to enhance network performance and deflationary model. The upcoming Pectra update will further boost the network with increased blob space. Additionally, ETH may see increased demand with the rise of ETH ETFs and potential staking for certain ETFs. This could impact the price of Ethereum positively.

1) XRP forms a golden cross on the weekly timeframe, indicating strong bullish momentum. However, the volatile crypto market makes predictions challenging. 2) The Shiba Inu token experienced an anomaly in on-chain activity, with both outflows and inflows equalling 6.51 trillion SHIB. SHIB's price remains stable. 3) Ethereum's upcoming Pectra hard fork is set to double the capacity of layer-2 networks, with the blob target likely to be subject to staker voting.

Ethereum's total supply has reached unprecedented levels since the Merge upgrade in September 2022, largely due to the Dencun update in March 2024 which changed the fee burning mechanism and increased ETH inflation. The update's support for efficient blob operations on Layer 2 networks using a separate gas unit called "blob gas," has resulted in a decrease in burned fees and thus a contribution to ETH inflation.

Ethereum's Pectra upgrade in March aims to improve Layer 2 scalability, reduce congestion, and lower transaction costs by expanding the blob target. Validators support increasing the gas limit while exploring governance improvements.