Vitalik Buterin announces solution to the 'Blockchain Triple Dilemma'… Reveals Ethereum core technology upgrade

Source: TokenPost Original Title: Vitalik Buterin Announces Solution to the ‘Blockchain Trilemma’… Reveals Ethereum Core Technology Upgrades Original Link:

Overview

Vitalik Buterin evaluated that Ethereum has achieved decentralization, security, and speed based on zkEVM and PeerDAS. Ethereum has rebounded by 8% since the new year, showing an upward trend coinciding with the technology announcements.

Buterin: “Solving the Blockchain Trilemma with zkEVM and PeerDAS”

Recently, Buterin introduced the results of years of efforts to evolve Ethereum technology through his blog. He claims that with this upgrade, Ethereum now possesses all three core elements: ‘full decentralization,’ ‘consensus,’ and ‘high-speed processing.’ This signifies that it has overcome the longstanding ‘trilemma(trilemma)’ where blockchains could only achieve two out of three.

The key technologies are ‘Zero-Knowledge Ethereum Virtual Machine(zkEVM)’ and ‘Peer Data Availability Sampling(PeerDAS).’ zkEVM is a technology that maintains strong security while increasing processing efficiency, currently delivering enterprise-level performance in its alpha version, according to Buterin. PeerDAS is already implemented in the mainnet and enhances data processing decentralization within the network.

Buterin stated that the combination of these two technologies makes Ethereum the first blockchain to simultaneously achieve ‘high-speed processing,’ ‘full decentralization,’ and ‘security.’ He explained, “BitTorrent secured decentralization and speed but lacked consensus, while Bitcoin had consensus and decentralization but lacked speed,” and that Ethereum’s evolution addresses both weaknesses.

Large-Scale Expansion Roadmap for the Next 4 Years

Buterin also presented a blueprint for Ethereum network upgrades over the next 4 to 6 years. By 2026, gas limit adjustments will be made through block-level access lists(BAL) and the separation of official proposers and creators(ePBS). Additionally, zkEVM nodes are expected to start operating in some network segments.

Between 2026 and 2028, adjustments to gas pricing, restructuring of state data, and integration of execution payload blobs(blob) are planned to absorb increasing network demand steadily. From 2027 to 2030, zkEVM is expected to become a primary mechanism for block validation, enabling further expansion of gas limits.

Future Directions for Decentralized Block Production

In this announcement, Buterin also introduced a mid- to long-term concept called ‘Distributed Block Building(distributed block building).’ This involves no single node creating a complete block; instead, multiple regions and participants collaborate to assemble blocks, representing a long-term direction.

To achieve this, Buterin proposed two methods. First, expanding the ‘Forced Inclusion List(FOCIL)’ within the protocol itself to automatically include transactions. Second, creating an external marketplace for distributed block builders. Both approaches aim to prevent centralization of transaction inclusion rights and ensure regional fairness in Ethereum.

Price Rebound and Technological Progress

Following the announcement, Ethereum is trading around $3,226, up over 8% since the start of the year. As ETH recovers from previous declines, the technological upgrades may serve as a medium- to long-term momentum.

Buterin stated, “These technologies are the result of nearly a decade of research and development,” adding, “Especially, data availability sampling has been under development since 2017, and zkEVM since 2020.” He emphasized, “We are now in the final and implementation stages.”

Key Terms

zkEVM: Zero-Knowledge proof-based Ethereum Virtual Machine. Ensures transaction integrity while maintaining privacy.

PeerDAS: Technology that allows nodes to access necessary data without storing the entire dataset.

Trilemma: The structural challenge that makes it difficult for blockchains to simultaneously achieve decentralization, security, and speed.